diff --git a/src/agentkit/bus/memory_bus.py b/src/agentkit/bus/memory_bus.py
index d720c52..b0bfe3c 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/bus/memory_bus.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/bus/memory_bus.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import asyncio
 import logging
-from typing import Any, Callable, Awaitable
+from typing import Callable, Awaitable
 
 from agentkit.bus.message import AgentMessage
 
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ class InMemoryMessageBus:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        cascade_detector: Any = None,
-        alignment_guard: Any = None,
+        cascade_detector: object = None,
+        alignment_guard: object = None,
     ) -> None:
         self._subscribers: dict[str, list[Callable[[AgentMessage], Awaitable[None]]]] = {}
         self._pending_requests: dict[str, asyncio.Future[AgentMessage]] = {}
diff --git a/src/agentkit/bus/message.py b/src/agentkit/bus/message.py
index dc770c1..024f9fe 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/bus/message.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/bus/message.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import uuid
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
-from typing import Any
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -20,11 +19,11 @@ class AgentMessage:
     sender: str = ""
     recipient: str | None = None  # None = broadcast
     topic: str = ""
-    payload: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    payload: dict[str, object] = field(default_factory=dict)
     timestamp: datetime = field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
     correlation_id: str | None = None  # 请求-响应关联
     # --- 新增字段 ---
-    content: Any = None  # 消息内容（与 payload 互补，payload 为 dict，content 可为任意类型）
+    content: object = None  # 消息内容（与 payload 互补，payload 为 dict，content 可为任意类型）
     msg_type: str = "notify"  # "request" | "response" | "notify" | "negotiate"
     ttl_seconds: int = 300  # 消息存活时间（秒）
 
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ class AgentMessage:
     def is_broadcast(self) -> bool:
         return self.recipient is None
 
-    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, object]:
         ts = self.timestamp
         if isinstance(ts, datetime):
             ts = ts.isoformat()
@@ -57,7 +56,7 @@ class AgentMessage:
         }
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> AgentMessage:
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, object]) -> AgentMessage:
         ts = data.get("timestamp", "")
         if isinstance(ts, str) and ts:
             try:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/bus/protocol.py b/src/agentkit/bus/protocol.py
index c7a2cb2..21f3e94 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/bus/protocol.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/bus/protocol.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Any, Callable, Awaitable, Protocol as TypingProtocol, runtime_checkable
+from typing import Callable, Awaitable, Protocol as TypingProtocol, runtime_checkable
 
 from agentkit.bus.message import AgentMessage
 
diff --git a/src/agentkit/bus/redis_bus.py b/src/agentkit/bus/redis_bus.py
index c846e0d..4017f25 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/bus/redis_bus.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/bus/redis_bus.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import asyncio
 import json
 import logging
-from typing import Any, Callable, Awaitable
+from typing import Callable, Awaitable
 
 from agentkit.bus.message import AgentMessage
 from agentkit.bus.memory_bus import InMemoryMessageBus
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ class RedisMessageBus:
         self._redis_url = redis_url
         self._consumer_group = consumer_group
         self._max_retries = max_retries
-        self._redis: Any = None
+        self._redis: object = None
         self._subscribers: dict[str, list[Callable[[AgentMessage], Awaitable[None]]]] = {}
         self._pending_requests: dict[str, asyncio.Future[AgentMessage]] = {}
         self._consumer_tasks: dict[str, asyncio.Task] = {}
 
-    async def _get_redis(self) -> Any:
+    async def _get_redis(self) -> object:
         """获取 Redis 连接（懒初始化）。"""
         if self._redis is None:
             import redis.asyncio as aioredis
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ class RedisMessageBus:
 
     async def _handle_failed_message(
         self,
-        redis: Any,
+        redis: object,
         stream_key: str,
         msg_id: str,
         fields: dict,
diff --git a/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/caldav_provider.py b/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/caldav_provider.py
index f1e280f..204cf6a 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/caldav_provider.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/caldav_provider.py
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import uuid
 from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable
 from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta, timezone
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
 import caldav
 from icalendar import Calendar, Event
@@ -33,7 +32,7 @@ from agentkit.calendar.sync.base import AbstractSyncProvider
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 # Async callback signature: (event_type: str, payload: dict) -> None
-NotifyCallback = Callable[[str, dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[None]]
+NotifyCallback = Callable[[str, dict[str, object]], Awaitable[None]]
 
 
 def _parse_iso(dt_str: str) -> datetime:
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ def _to_iso_utc(dt: datetime) -> str:
     return dt.astimezone(timezone.utc).isoformat()
 
 
-def _extract_dt(component: Any, key: str) -> tuple[str, bool]:
+def _extract_dt(component: object, key: str) -> tuple[str, bool]:
     """Extract date/datetime from icalendar component. Returns (iso, is_all_day)."""
     prop = component.get(key)
     if prop is None:
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ class CalDAVSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
     def __init__(
         self,
         db_path: str | Path | None = None,
-        client_factory: Callable[[ExternalCalendarConfig], Any] | None = None,
+        client_factory: Callable[[ExternalCalendarConfig], object] | None = None,
         notify_callback: NotifyCallback | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.db_path = Path(db_path) if db_path is not None else DEFAULT_CALENDAR_DB_PATH
@@ -87,7 +86,7 @@ class CalDAVSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
     # Client construction
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    def _make_client(self, config: ExternalCalendarConfig) -> Any:
+    def _make_client(self, config: ExternalCalendarConfig) -> object:
         """Build a caldav.DAVClient from config credentials."""
         if self._client_factory is not None:
             return self._client_factory(config)
@@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ class CalDAVSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
             timeout=30,
         )
 
-    def _get_calendar(self, config: ExternalCalendarConfig) -> Any:
+    def _get_calendar(self, config: ExternalCalendarConfig) -> object:
         """Connect and return the first calendar from the principal."""
         client = self._make_client(config)
         principal = client.principal()
@@ -166,7 +165,7 @@ class CalDAVSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
                 events.append(parsed)
         return events
 
-    def _parse_caldav_event(self, caldav_event: Any, user_id: str) -> CalendarEvent | None:
+    def _parse_caldav_event(self, caldav_event: object, user_id: str) -> CalendarEvent | None:
         """Convert a caldav.Event to a CalendarEvent dataclass."""
         try:
             ical_data = caldav_event.data
diff --git a/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/ics_provider.py b/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/ics_provider.py
index b54a335..e502a06 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/ics_provider.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/ics_provider.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import logging
 import uuid
 from datetime import date, datetime, timezone
-from typing import Any
 
 from icalendar import Calendar, Event
 from icalendar.prop import vRecur
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ def _parse_iso(dt_str: str) -> datetime:
     return dt.astimezone(timezone.utc)
 
 
-def _extract_dt(component: Any, key: str) -> tuple[str, bool]:
+def _extract_dt(component: object, key: str) -> tuple[str, bool]:
     """Extract a date/datetime property from an icalendar component.
 
     Returns ``(iso_string, is_all_day)``. ``is_all_day`` is True when the
@@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ class ICSProvider:
     def __init__(self, service: CalendarService) -> None:
         self.service = service
 
-    async def import_ics(self, ics_bytes: bytes, user_id: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def import_ics(self, ics_bytes: bytes, user_id: str) -> dict[str, object]:
         """Parse ICS bytes and create events for *user_id*.
 
         Returns ``{"imported": N, "skipped": M, "errors": [...]}``.
diff --git a/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/manager.py b/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/manager.py
index c22053b..f911a46 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/manager.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/manager.py
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import logging
 from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
 from agentkit.calendar.db import (
     DEFAULT_CALENDAR_DB_PATH,
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ from agentkit.calendar.sync.caldav_provider import CalDAVSyncProvider
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 # Async callback signature: (event_type: str, payload: dict) -> None
-NotifyCallback = Callable[[str, dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[None]]
+NotifyCallback = Callable[[str, dict[str, object]], Awaitable[None]]
 
 
 class SyncManager:
@@ -64,7 +63,7 @@ class SyncManager:
     # Sync orchestration
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    async def sync_all(self, user_id: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def sync_all(self, user_id: str) -> dict[str, object]:
         """Sync all external calendar configs for a user.
 
         Returns ``{"synced": N, "errors": [...]}``.
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@ class SyncManager:
                 logger.warning("Sync failed for config %s: %s", config.id, e)
         return {"synced": synced, "errors": errors}
 
-    async def sync_provider(self, config_id: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def sync_provider(self, config_id: str) -> dict[str, object]:
         """Sync a single external calendar config by ID.
 
         Pulls remote changes, then pushes local changes modified since
diff --git a/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/outlook_provider.py b/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/outlook_provider.py
index b0053e8..5fc8d8b 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/outlook_provider.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/calendar/sync/outlook_provider.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import uuid
 from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 from urllib.parse import parse_qs, quote, urlparse
 
 import httpx
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ from agentkit.calendar.sync.base import AbstractSyncProvider
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 # Async callback signature: (event_type: str, payload: dict) -> None
-NotifyCallback = Callable[[str, dict[str, Any]], Awaitable[None]]
+NotifyCallback = Callable[[str, dict[str, object]], Awaitable[None]]
 
 GRAPH_BASE = "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0"
 TOKEN_URL = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token"
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ def _parse_iso(dt_str: str) -> datetime:
     return dt.astimezone(timezone.utc)
 
 
-def _outlook_dt_to_iso(dt_obj: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+def _outlook_dt_to_iso(dt_obj: dict[str, object]) -> str:
     """Convert Outlook dateTimeTimeZone to ISO 8601 UTC.
 
     ponytail: assumes Graph returns UTC (no ``Prefer: outlook.timezone`` header
@@ -102,7 +101,7 @@ def _iso_to_outlook_dt(iso_str: str, is_all_day: bool) -> dict[str, str]:
     return {"dateTime": dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"), "timeZone": "UTC"}
 
 
-def _outlook_recurrence_to_rrule(recurrence: dict[str, Any] | None) -> str | None:
+def _outlook_recurrence_to_rrule(recurrence: dict[str, object] | None) -> str | None:
     """Convert Outlook recurrence pattern to RRULE string."""
     if not recurrence:
         return None
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ def _outlook_recurrence_to_rrule(recurrence: dict[str, Any] | None) -> str | Non
     return ";".join(parts) if parts else None
 
 
-def _rrule_to_outlook_recurrence(rrule: str, start_date: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+def _rrule_to_outlook_recurrence(rrule: str, start_date: str) -> dict[str, object] | None:
     """Convert RRULE string to Outlook recurrence pattern.
 
     ``start_date`` is the event's start date in ``YYYY-MM-DD`` format (required
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ def _rrule_to_outlook_recurrence(rrule: str, start_date: str) -> dict[str, Any]
     if not pattern_type:
         return None
 
-    pattern: dict[str, Any] = {"type": pattern_type}
+    pattern: dict[str, object] = {"type": pattern_type}
 
     interval = parts.get("INTERVAL")
     pattern["interval"] = int(interval) if interval else 1
@@ -167,7 +166,7 @@ def _rrule_to_outlook_recurrence(rrule: str, start_date: str) -> dict[str, Any]
 
     if count:
         pattern["numberOfOccurrences"] = int(count)
-        range_obj: dict[str, Any] = {
+        range_obj: dict[str, object] = {
             "type": "numbered",
             "startDate": start_date,
             "numberOfOccurrences": int(count),
@@ -202,7 +201,7 @@ class OutlookSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
     def __init__(
         self,
         db_path: str | Path | None = None,
-        client_factory: Callable[[], Any] | None = None,
+        client_factory: Callable[[], object] | None = None,
         notify_callback: NotifyCallback | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.db_path = Path(db_path) if db_path is not None else DEFAULT_CALENDAR_DB_PATH
@@ -216,19 +215,19 @@ class OutlookSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
     # Client / auth
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    def _get_client(self) -> Any:
+    def _get_client(self) -> object:
         """Return an httpx.AsyncClient (real or mock from factory)."""
         if self._client_factory is not None:
             return self._client_factory()
         return httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=30.0)
 
-    def _load_creds(self, config: ExternalCalendarConfig) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def _load_creds(self, config: ExternalCalendarConfig) -> dict[str, object]:
         return json.loads(config.credentials) if config.credentials else {}
 
-    def _save_creds(self, config: ExternalCalendarConfig, creds: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    def _save_creds(self, config: ExternalCalendarConfig, creds: dict[str, object]) -> None:
         config.credentials = json.dumps(creds)
 
-    async def _refresh_token(self, client: Any, config: ExternalCalendarConfig) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def _refresh_token(self, client: object, config: ExternalCalendarConfig) -> dict[str, object]:
         """Refresh the access token using the refresh_token grant.
 
         Posts to the Azure AD token endpoint, updates ``config.credentials``
@@ -271,13 +270,13 @@ class OutlookSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
 
     async def _request(
         self,
-        client: Any,
+        client: object,
         config: ExternalCalendarConfig,
         method: str,
         url: str,
         *,
-        json_body: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
-    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        json_body: dict[str, object] | None = None,
+    ) -> dict[str, object]:
         """Make an authenticated Graph API request with 401 auto-refresh + retry."""
         creds = self._load_creds(config)
         headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {creds.get('access_token', '')}"}
@@ -330,7 +329,7 @@ class OutlookSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
         return result
 
     async def _pull_delta(
-        self, client: Any, config: ExternalCalendarConfig
+        self, client: object, config: ExternalCalendarConfig
     ) -> tuple[list[CalendarEvent], str | None]:
         """Call /me/calendarView/delta. Returns (events, delta_token)."""
         url = self._build_delta_url(config)
@@ -356,7 +355,7 @@ class OutlookSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
         end = (datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(days=90)).strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
         return f"{GRAPH_BASE}/me/calendarView/delta?startDateTime={start}&endDateTime={end}"
 
-    def _parse_outlook_event(self, raw: dict[str, Any], user_id: str) -> CalendarEvent | None:
+    def _parse_outlook_event(self, raw: dict[str, object], user_id: str) -> CalendarEvent | None:
         """Convert a Graph event JSON to a CalendarEvent dataclass."""
         eid = raw.get("id")
         if not eid:
@@ -459,7 +458,7 @@ class OutlookSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
         return result
 
     async def _push_single(
-        self, client: Any, config: ExternalCalendarConfig, event: CalendarEvent
+        self, client: object, config: ExternalCalendarConfig, event: CalendarEvent
     ) -> CalendarEvent:
         """Push a single event to Outlook, return event with external_id set."""
         body = self._event_to_outlook(event)
@@ -485,9 +484,9 @@ class OutlookSyncProvider(AbstractSyncProvider):
             event.external_provider = "outlook"
         return event
 
-    def _event_to_outlook(self, event: CalendarEvent) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def _event_to_outlook(self, event: CalendarEvent) -> dict[str, object]:
         """Convert CalendarEvent to Outlook Graph event JSON."""
-        body: dict[str, Any] = {
+        body: dict[str, object] = {
             "subject": event.title,
             "start": _iso_to_outlook_dt(event.start_time, event.is_all_day),
             "end": _iso_to_outlook_dt(event.end_time, event.is_all_day),
diff --git a/src/agentkit/channels/base.py b/src/agentkit/channels/base.py
index 450f307..6f3de3b 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/channels/base.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/channels/base.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import abc
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any
 
 import httpx
 
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ class IncomingMessage:
     user_id: str  # 平台用户 ID
     chat_id: str  # 群组/会话 ID
     content: str  # 消息文本
-    raw_event: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)  # 原始事件
+    raw_event: dict[str, object] = field(default_factory=dict)  # 原始事件
     timestamp: str = ""
 
 
diff --git a/src/agentkit/channels/dingtalk.py b/src/agentkit/channels/dingtalk.py
index 9b657b4..8f648f2 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/channels/dingtalk.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/channels/dingtalk.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import json
 import logging
 import re
 import time
-from typing import Any
 
 import httpx
 
@@ -147,7 +146,7 @@ class DingTalkMessageAdapter(MessageAdapter):
             ValueError: 事件 body 不是合法 JSON。
         """
         try:
-            data: dict[str, Any] = json.loads(body)
+            data: dict[str, object] = json.loads(body)
         except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
             raise ValueError(f"钉钉事件 body 不是合法 JSON: {exc}") from exc
 
@@ -169,7 +168,7 @@ class DingTalkMessageAdapter(MessageAdapter):
             timestamp=timestamp,
         )
 
-    def _extract_content(self, data: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    def _extract_content(self, data: dict[str, object]) -> str:
         """从钉钉事件提取文本内容。
 
         - text 类型：解析 ``text.content``，剥离 @ 机器人前缀。
diff --git a/src/agentkit/channels/feishu.py b/src/agentkit/channels/feishu.py
index cfac706..adc3730 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/channels/feishu.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/channels/feishu.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import logging
 import re
 import time
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
-from typing import Any
 
 import httpx
 
@@ -142,7 +141,7 @@ class FeishuMessageAdapter(MessageAdapter):
             ValueError: 事件结构无法解析。
         """
         try:
-            data: dict[str, Any] = json.loads(body)
+            data: dict[str, object] = json.loads(body)
         except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
             raise ValueError(f"飞书事件 body 不是合法 JSON: {exc}") from exc
 
@@ -184,7 +183,7 @@ class FeishuMessageAdapter(MessageAdapter):
             timestamp=timestamp,
         )
 
-    def _decrypt_event(self, encrypt_b64: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def _decrypt_event(self, encrypt_b64: str) -> dict[str, object]:
         """AES-256-CBC 解密飞书加密事件。
 
         飞书协议：
@@ -216,7 +215,7 @@ class FeishuMessageAdapter(MessageAdapter):
 
         return json.loads(plaintext.decode("utf-8"))
 
-    def _extract_content(self, message: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    def _extract_content(self, message: dict[str, object]) -> str:
         """从飞书 message 字段提取文本内容。
 
         - text 类型：解析 ``content`` JSON 中的 ``text`` 字段，剥离 @ 提及标记。
diff --git a/src/agentkit/channels/slack.py b/src/agentkit/channels/slack.py
index 2087aee..8dfb141 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/channels/slack.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/channels/slack.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import json
 import logging
 import re
 import time
-from typing import Any
 from urllib.parse import parse_qs
 from uuid import uuid4
 
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ class SlackMessageAdapter(MessageAdapter):
         """
         # 优先尝试 JSON 解析（Events API / URL 验证）
         try:
-            data: dict[str, Any] = json.loads(body)
+            data: dict[str, object] = json.loads(body)
         except (json.JSONDecodeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
             data = {}
 
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ class SlackMessageAdapter(MessageAdapter):
         # 非 JSON — 视为 Slash Command（form-encoded）
         return self._parse_slash_command(body)
 
-    def _parse_event(self, data: dict[str, Any]) -> IncomingMessage:
+    def _parse_event(self, data: dict[str, object]) -> IncomingMessage:
         """解析 Events API 事件。"""
         # URL 验证流程
         if data.get("type") == "url_verification":
diff --git a/src/agentkit/cli/admin.py b/src/agentkit/cli/admin.py
index 50ad19e..f16393a 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/cli/admin.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/cli/admin.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import json as _json
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Optional
 
 import httpx
 import typer
@@ -87,13 +87,13 @@ def _build_client(
     )
 
 
-def _emit_json(data: Any) -> None:
+def _emit_json(data: object) -> None:
     rprint(_json.dumps(data, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False, default=str))
 
 
 def _safe_get(
     client: AdminHttpClient, path: str, server_url: str, params: dict | None = None
-) -> Any:
+) -> object:
     try:
         return client.get(path, params=params)
     except httpx.ConnectError:
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def _safe_get(
 
 def _safe_post(
     client: AdminHttpClient, path: str, server_url: str, body: dict | None = None
-) -> Any:
+) -> object:
     try:
         return client.post(path, json=body)
     except httpx.ConnectError:
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ def _safe_post(
 
 def _safe_patch(
     client: AdminHttpClient, path: str, server_url: str, body: dict | None = None
-) -> Any:
+) -> object:
     try:
         return client.patch(path, json=body)
     except httpx.ConnectError:
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ def _safe_patch(
         _handle_http_error(e, server_url)
 
 
-def _safe_put(client: AdminHttpClient, path: str, server_url: str, body: dict | None = None) -> Any:
+def _safe_put(client: AdminHttpClient, path: str, server_url: str, body: dict | None = None) -> object:
     try:
         return client.put(path, json=body)
     except httpx.ConnectError:
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def _safe_put(client: AdminHttpClient, path: str, server_url: str, body: dict |
 
 def _safe_delete(
     client: AdminHttpClient, path: str, server_url: str, params: dict | None = None
-) -> Any:
+) -> object:
     try:
         return client.delete(path, params=params)
     except httpx.ConnectError:
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ def dept_update(
     json_output: bool = JsonFlag,
 ) -> None:
     """Update a department's name or description."""
-    body: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    body: dict[str, object] = {}
     if name is not None:
         body["name"] = name
     if description is not None:
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ def user_list(
 ) -> None:
     """List users, optionally filtered by department."""
     client = _build_client(server_url, token, api_key)
-    params: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    params: dict[str, object] = {}
     if department_id:
         params["department_id"] = department_id
     users = _safe_get(client, "/api/v1/admin/users", client.base_url, params=params or None)
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ def user_create(
     json_output: bool = JsonFlag,
 ) -> None:
     """Create a new user."""
-    body: dict[str, Any] = {
+    body: dict[str, object] = {
         "username": username,
         "email": email,
         "password": password,
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ def user_update(
     json_output: bool = JsonFlag,
 ) -> None:
     """Update a user's role or active flag."""
-    body: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    body: dict[str, object] = {}
     if role is not None:
         body["role"] = role
     if is_active is not None:
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ def llm_add_provider(
     json_output: bool = JsonFlag,
 ) -> None:
     """Create a new LLM provider."""
-    body: dict[str, Any] = {
+    body: dict[str, object] = {
         "name": name,
         "type": type,
         "api_key": api_key,
@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ def llm_update_provider(
     json_output: bool = JsonFlag,
 ) -> None:
     """Update an LLM provider's configuration."""
-    body: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    body: dict[str, object] = {}
     if type is not None:
         body["type"] = type
     if api_key is not None:
@@ -1123,7 +1123,7 @@ def kb_list_documents(
 ) -> None:
     """List KB documents."""
     client = _build_client(server_url, token, api_key)
-    params: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    params: dict[str, object] = {}
     if source_id:
         params["source_id"] = source_id
     if department_id:
@@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@ def kb_upload(
         rprint(f"[red]Error: File not found: {content_file}[/red]")
         raise typer.Exit(1)
     content = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
-    body: dict[str, Any] = {
+    body: dict[str, object] = {
         "filename": filename,
         "content": content,
         "source_id": source_id,
@@ -1255,8 +1255,8 @@ def _usage_params(
     user_id: Optional[str],
     start: Optional[str],
     end: Optional[str],
-) -> dict[str, Any]:
-    params: dict[str, Any] = {}
+) -> dict[str, object]:
+    params: dict[str, object] = {}
     if department_id:
         params["department_id"] = department_id
     if user_id:
@@ -1386,7 +1386,7 @@ def usage_top_users(
 ) -> None:
     """Show top-N users by token usage."""
     client = _build_client(server_url, token, api_key)
-    params: dict[str, Any] = {"limit": limit}
+    params: dict[str, object] = {"limit": limit}
     if department_id:
         params["department_id"] = department_id
     if start:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/cli/admin_client.py b/src/agentkit/cli/admin_client.py
index 5dda624..c0bb805 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/cli/admin_client.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/cli/admin_client.py
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
-
 import httpx
 import yaml
 
@@ -62,7 +60,7 @@ class AdminHttpClient:
         4. Hard-coded defaults (server URL only)
         """
         path = Path(config_path) if config_path else DEFAULT_CONFIG_PATH
-        file_cfg: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        file_cfg: dict[str, object] = {}
         if path.exists():
             try:
                 with path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
@@ -106,8 +104,8 @@ class AdminHttpClient:
         method: str,
         path: str,
         *,
-        params: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
-        json: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        params: dict[str, object] | None = None,
+        json: dict[str, object] | None = None,
         timeout: float = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
     ) -> httpx.Response:
         url = f"{self._base_url}{path}"
@@ -130,28 +128,28 @@ class AdminHttpClient:
     def base_url(self) -> str:
         return self._base_url
 
-    def get(self, path: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    def get(self, path: str, params: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> object:
         resp = self._request("GET", path, params=params)
         return resp.json()
 
-    def get_text(self, path: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> str:
+    def get_text(self, path: str, params: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> str:
         """GET returning response text (for CSV exports)."""
         resp = self._request("GET", path, params=params)
         return resp.text
 
-    def post(self, path: str, json: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    def post(self, path: str, json: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> object:
         resp = self._request("POST", path, json=json)
         return resp.json()
 
-    def put(self, path: str, json: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    def put(self, path: str, json: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> object:
         resp = self._request("PUT", path, json=json)
         return resp.json()
 
-    def patch(self, path: str, json: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    def patch(self, path: str, json: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> object:
         resp = self._request("PATCH", path, json=json)
         return resp.json()
 
-    def delete(self, path: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    def delete(self, path: str, params: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> object:
         resp = self._request("DELETE", path, params=params)
         return resp.json()
 
diff --git a/src/agentkit/cli/onboarding.py b/src/agentkit/cli/onboarding.py
index f40c329..f274ad8 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/cli/onboarding.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/cli/onboarding.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ When no agentkit.yaml exists, this wizard guides the user through:
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
 import yaml
 from rich.panel import Panel
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ from agentkit.server.config import find_config_path
 
 # ── Provider presets ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-PROVIDER_PRESETS: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {
+PROVIDER_PRESETS: dict[str, dict[str, object]] = {
     "deepseek": {
         "name": "DeepSeek",
         "env_key": "DEEPSEEK_API_KEY",
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ def run_onboarding(
     output_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
 
     existing_config_path = find_config_path(config_arg)
-    existing_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+    existing_config: dict[str, object] | None = None
     if existing_config_path:
         with open(existing_config_path, encoding="utf-8") as f:
             existing_config = yaml.safe_load(f) or {}
@@ -220,7 +219,7 @@ def run_onboarding(
         )
         selected_model = available_models[int(model_choice) - 1]
         # Rebuild models dict: selected model gets "default" alias
-        updated_models: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        updated_models: dict[str, object] = {}
         for model, conf in preset["models"].items():
             if model == selected_model:
                 updated_models[model] = {**conf, "alias": "default"}
@@ -236,7 +235,7 @@ def run_onboarding(
 
     # ── Step 3: Optional — add a second provider ─────────────────
     env_vars: dict[str, str] = {preset["env_key"]: api_key.strip()}
-    providers_config: dict[str, Any] = {
+    providers_config: dict[str, object] = {
         selected_key: {
             "api_key": f"${{{preset['env_key']}}}",
             "base_url": preset["base_url"],
diff --git a/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/excel_renderer.py b/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/excel_renderer.py
index cc504af..e8d7c2c 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/excel_renderer.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/excel_renderer.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import json
 import re
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
 from openpyxl import Workbook
 
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ class ExcelRenderer:
 
         return self._render_markdown(markdown_content, output_path)
 
-    def _render_json(self, data: dict[str, list[list[Any]]], output_path: Path) -> Path:
+    def _render_json(self, data: dict[str, list[list[object]]], output_path: Path) -> Path:
         """Render JSON dict {sheet_name: rows} into a multi-sheet workbook."""
         wb = Workbook()
         # Remove the default sheet — we'll create named ones
@@ -108,7 +107,7 @@ class ExcelRenderer:
         wb.save(str(output_path))
         return output_path
 
-    def _fill_sheet_from_table(self, ws: Any, table_lines: list[str]) -> None:
+    def _fill_sheet_from_table(self, ws: object, table_lines: list[str]) -> None:
         """Parse GFM table lines and write rows into a worksheet."""
         for idx, line in enumerate(table_lines):
             if idx == 1:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/pdf_renderer.py b/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/pdf_renderer.py
index 8e6bbdb..054cbcc 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/pdf_renderer.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/pdf_renderer.py
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import logging
 import re
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
 from reportlab.lib import colors
 from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
@@ -116,7 +115,7 @@ class PDFRenderer:
         )
 
         styles = self._build_styles()
-        flowables: list[Any] = []
+        flowables: list[object] = []
         lines = markdown_content.splitlines()
         i = 0
 
diff --git a/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/template_renderer.py b/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/template_renderer.py
index dfbeb8b..8f15410 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/template_renderer.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/documents/renderers/template_renderer.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
 from docxtpl import DocxTemplate
 from jinja2.sandbox import SandboxedEnvironment
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ class TemplateRenderer:
         )
 
     def render_template(
-        self, template_path: str | Path, data: dict[str, Any], output_path: Path
+        self, template_path: str | Path, data: dict[str, object], output_path: Path
     ) -> Path:
         """Fill a .docx template with data using Jinja2 sandbox.
 
diff --git a/src/agentkit/mcp/client.py b/src/agentkit/mcp/client.py
index b912ab9..cce8585 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/mcp/client.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/mcp/client.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import json
 import logging
 import warnings
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
 from agentkit.mcp.transport import HTTPTransport, SSETransport, StdioTransport, Transport
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class MCPClient:
         self._transport = transport
         # U10 — 懒构造并缓存的 langchain client，避免每次 list_tools/call_tool
         # 都新建 MultiServerMCPClient（stdio 传输下会反复 spawn 子进程）。
-        self._lc_client: Any = None
+        self._lc_client: "MultiServerMCPClient | None" = None
 
         if transport is not None:
             # 旧 Transport 路径 — 发出 DeprecationWarning，但保持原有行为
@@ -76,13 +76,13 @@ class MCPClient:
                 DeprecationWarning,
                 stacklevel=2,
             )
-            self._langchain_config: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+            self._langchain_config: dict[str, object] | None = None
         else:
             # 新 langchain 路径 — 解析 URL scheme 构建连接配置
             self._langchain_config = self._build_langchain_config(self._server_url, timeout)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _build_langchain_config(server_url: str, timeout: float) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def _build_langchain_config(server_url: str, timeout: float) -> dict[str, object]:
         """根据 URL scheme 构建 langchain-mcp-adapters 连接配置。
 
         Args:
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ class MCPClient:
             server_url = ""
         return cls(server_url=server_url, transport=transport)
 
-    async def _get_lc_client(self) -> Any:
+    async def _get_lc_client(self) -> "MultiServerMCPClient":
         """懒构造并缓存 langchain ``MultiServerMCPClient`` 实例。
 
         首次调用时创建，后续返回缓存，避免每次 list_tools/call_tool 都新建
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ class MCPClient:
         return tools
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _extract_schema(tool: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def _extract_schema(tool: object) -> dict[str, object]:
         """从 LangChain Tool 提取 inputSchema（JSON Schema 格式）。
 
         LangChain 工具通常有 args_schema（pydantic model），回退到 tool.args dict。
@@ -273,8 +273,8 @@ class MCPTool(Tool):
         name: str,
         description: str,
         client: MCPClient,
-        input_schema: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
-        output_schema: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        input_schema: dict[str, object] | None = None,
+        output_schema: dict[str, object] | None = None,
         version: str = "1.0.0",
         tags: list[str] | None = None,
     ):
diff --git a/src/agentkit/mcp/publisher.py b/src/agentkit/mcp/publisher.py
index cc0ff97..f832a28 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/mcp/publisher.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/mcp/publisher.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ U14: 支持把已注册的 Skill 或专家团队封装成 ``Tool``，注册到
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-from typing import Any, Awaitable, Callable
+from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable
 
 from agentkit.skills.base import Skill
 from agentkit.tools.base import Tool
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ _DANGEROUS_TOOL_NAMES: frozenset[str] = frozenset(
 )
 
 # 执行器签名：(skill_or_team_name, input_text) -> 结果 dict
-SkillExecutor = Callable[[str, str], Awaitable[dict[str, Any]]]
+SkillExecutor = Callable[[str, str], Awaitable[dict[str, object]]]
 
 
 class PublisherRegistry:
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class SkillMCPAdapter(Tool):
         self._skill = skill
         self._executor = executor
 
-    async def execute(self, **kwargs: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def execute(self, **kwargs: object) -> dict[str, object]:
         """调用 executor 执行技能；未配置或异常时返回错误 dict。"""
         input_text = kwargs.get("input", "")
         if self._executor is None:
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class TeamMCPAdapter(Tool):
         self._team_name = team_name
         self._executor = executor
 
-    async def execute(self, **kwargs: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def execute(self, **kwargs: object) -> dict[str, object]:
         """调用 executor 执行团队任务；未配置或异常时返回错误 dict。"""
         input_text = kwargs.get("input", "")
         if self._executor is None:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/mcp/server.py b/src/agentkit/mcp/server.py
index e8253ca..6c40e1c 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/mcp/server.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/mcp/server.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ U13: 重构为路由工厂 ``create_mcp_router()``，可挂载到主 FastAPI app
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-from typing import Any
+from collections.abc import Callable
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ _MCP_BLOCKED_TOOLS: frozenset[str] = frozenset(
 )
 
 
-def _serialize_tool(tool: Tool) -> dict[str, Any]:
+def _serialize_tool(tool: Tool) -> dict[str, object]:
     """将 Tool 序列化为 MCP 协议响应字典。"""
     return {
         "name": tool.name,
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ def _serialize_tool(tool: Tool) -> dict[str, Any]:
 
 
 def create_mcp_router(
-    tool_registry: Any = None,
-    published_tools_getter: Any = None,
+    tool_registry: object | None = None,
+    published_tools_getter: Callable[[], list[Tool]] | None = None,
 ) -> APIRouter:
     """构造 MCP 路由，挂载到主 app 的 ``/api/v1/mcp/`` 前缀下。
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ def create_mcp_router(
         return None
 
     @router.get("/tools/list")
-    async def list_tools(_user: dict = Depends(_mcp_member_auth)) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def list_tools(_user: dict = Depends(_mcp_member_auth)) -> dict[str, object]:
         """列出所有可用的 MCP 工具。"""
         tools = _all_tools()
         return {"tools": [_serialize_tool(t) for t in tools]}
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ def create_mcp_router(
     async def call_tool(
         request: dict,
         _user: dict = Depends(_mcp_member_auth),
-    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    ) -> dict[str, object]:
         """调用指定的 MCP 工具。"""
         tool_name = request.get("name")
         arguments = request.get("arguments", {})
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ def create_mcp_router(
     async def jsonrpc_endpoint(
         request: Request,
         _user: dict = Depends(_mcp_member_auth),
-    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    ) -> dict[str, object]:
         """JSON-RPC 2.0 端点 — MCP 协议兼容。
 
         支持 methods: initialize, tools/list, tools/call。
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ class MCPServer:
     的 ``/api/v1/mcp/`` 前缀下，复用主 app 的 JWT + API Key 认证。
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, tool_registry: Any = None, host: str = "0.0.0.0", port: int = 8080):
+    def __init__(self, tool_registry: object | None = None, host: str = "0.0.0.0", port: int = 8080):
         self._tool_registry = tool_registry
         self._host = host
         self._port = port
diff --git a/src/agentkit/mcp/transport.py b/src/agentkit/mcp/transport.py
index 163181f..b81dda8 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/mcp/transport.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/mcp/transport.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import logging
 import os
 import warnings
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Any
 
 import httpx
 
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ class Transport(ABC):
         ...
 
     @abstractmethod
-    async def send_request(self, method: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    async def send_request(self, method: str, params: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> object:
         """发送 JSON-RPC 请求
 
         Args:
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ class Transport(ABC):
         ...
 
     @abstractmethod
-    async def receive_response(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def receive_response(self) -> dict[str, object]:
         """接收响应
 
         Returns:
@@ -92,7 +91,7 @@ class HTTPTransport(Transport):
         self._timeout = timeout
         self._client: httpx.AsyncClient | None = None
         self._request_id = 0
-        self._pending: dict[int, asyncio.Future[dict[str, Any]]] = {}
+        self._pending: dict[int, asyncio.Future[dict[str, object]]] = {}
 
     @property
     def is_connected(self) -> bool:
@@ -131,7 +130,7 @@ class HTTPTransport(Transport):
         self._request_id += 1
         return self._request_id
 
-    async def send_request(self, method: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    async def send_request(self, method: str, params: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> object:
         """发送 JSON-RPC 请求并等待响应
 
         Args:
@@ -148,7 +147,7 @@ class HTTPTransport(Transport):
             raise TransportError("Transport not connected")
 
         request_id = self._next_request_id()
-        message: dict[str, Any] = {
+        message: dict[str, object] = {
             "jsonrpc": "2.0",
             "id": request_id,
             "method": method,
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@ class HTTPTransport(Transport):
 
         return data.get("result")
 
-    async def receive_response(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def receive_response(self) -> dict[str, object]:
         """接收响应
 
         对于 HTTPTransport，响应在 send_request 中同步返回。
@@ -218,7 +217,7 @@ class SSETransport(Transport):
         self._client: httpx.AsyncClient | None = None
         self._request_id = 0
         self._sse_task: asyncio.Task[None] | None = None
-        self._response_queue: asyncio.Queue[dict[str, Any]] = asyncio.Queue()
+        self._response_queue: asyncio.Queue[dict[str, object]] = asyncio.Queue()
         self._connected = False
 
     @property
@@ -304,7 +303,7 @@ class SSETransport(Transport):
         self._request_id += 1
         return self._request_id
 
-    async def send_request(self, method: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    async def send_request(self, method: str, params: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> object:
         """通过 HTTP POST 发送 JSON-RPC 请求
 
         Args:
@@ -321,7 +320,7 @@ class SSETransport(Transport):
             raise TransportError("Transport not connected")
 
         request_id = self._next_request_id()
-        message: dict[str, Any] = {
+        message: dict[str, object] = {
             "jsonrpc": "2.0",
             "id": request_id,
             "method": method,
@@ -352,7 +351,7 @@ class SSETransport(Transport):
 
         return data.get("result")
 
-    async def receive_response(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def receive_response(self) -> dict[str, object]:
         """从 SSE 事件流接收响应
 
         Returns:
@@ -392,11 +391,11 @@ class StdioTransport(Transport):
         self._timeout = timeout
         self._process: asyncio.subprocess.Process | None = None
         self._request_id = 0
-        self._pending: dict[int, asyncio.Future[Any]] = {}
+        self._pending: dict[int, asyncio.Future[object]] = {}
         self._reader_task: asyncio.Task[None] | None = None
         self._stderr_task: asyncio.Task[None] | None = None
         self._connected = False
-        self._notifications: asyncio.Queue[dict[str, Any]] = asyncio.Queue()
+        self._notifications: asyncio.Queue[dict[str, object]] = asyncio.Queue()
 
     @property
     def is_connected(self) -> bool:
@@ -513,7 +512,7 @@ class StdioTransport(Transport):
 
         logger.info("StdioTransport disconnected")
 
-    async def send_request(self, method: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
+    async def send_request(self, method: str, params: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> object:
         """发送 JSON-RPC 请求并等待响应
 
         Args:
@@ -531,11 +530,11 @@ class StdioTransport(Transport):
         return await self._send_request_internal(method, params)
 
     async def _send_request_internal(
-        self, method: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None
-    ) -> Any:
+        self, method: str, params: dict[str, object] | None = None
+    ) -> object:
         """内部请求发送方法（connect 时也可调用）"""
         request_id = self._next_request_id()
-        message: dict[str, Any] = {
+        message: dict[str, object] = {
             "jsonrpc": "2.0",
             "id": request_id,
             "method": method,
@@ -546,7 +545,7 @@ class StdioTransport(Transport):
         await self._write_message(message)
 
         loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
-        future: asyncio.Future[Any] = loop.create_future()
+        future: asyncio.Future[object] = loop.create_future()
         self._pending[request_id] = future
 
         try:
@@ -558,9 +557,9 @@ class StdioTransport(Transport):
             self._pending.pop(request_id, None)
             raise
 
-    async def _send_notification(self, method: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> None:
+    async def _send_notification(self, method: str, params: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> None:
         """发送 JSON-RPC 通知（无 id，不期待响应）"""
-        message: dict[str, Any] = {
+        message: dict[str, object] = {
             "jsonrpc": "2.0",
             "method": method,
         }
@@ -568,7 +567,7 @@ class StdioTransport(Transport):
             message["params"] = params
         await self._write_message(message)
 
-    async def _write_message(self, message: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+    async def _write_message(self, message: dict[str, object]) -> None:
         """将 JSON-RPC 消息写入子进程 stdin"""
         if self._process is None or self._process.stdin is None:
             raise TransportError("Process stdin not available")
@@ -576,7 +575,7 @@ class StdioTransport(Transport):
         self._process.stdin.write(data)
         await self._process.stdin.drain()
 
-    async def receive_response(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def receive_response(self) -> dict[str, object]:
         """接收通知消息
 
         对于 StdioTransport，请求响应通过 _pending Future 异步返回。
diff --git a/src/agentkit/quality/alignment.py b/src/agentkit/quality/alignment.py
index 9316e10..aebd1d4 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/quality/alignment.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/quality/alignment.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
-from typing import Any
 
 from agentkit.telemetry.tracer import get_tracer
 
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ class AlignmentConfig:
     audit_sample_rate: float = 1.0  # 审计采样率 0.0-1.0，1.0=每次都审计
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> "AlignmentConfig":
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, object]) -> "AlignmentConfig":
         """从字典创建，忽略未知键"""
         known_fields = {f.name for f in cls.__dataclass_fields__.values()}
         filtered = {k: v for k, v in data.items() if k in known_fields}
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ class ConstraintInjector:
     def __init__(self, config: AlignmentConfig):
         self._config = config
 
-    def inject(self, input_data: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def inject(self, input_data: dict[str, object]) -> dict[str, object]:
         """注入约束指令到 input_data
 
         在 input_data 中添加 'alignment_constraints' 键，值为约束列表。
@@ -76,13 +75,13 @@ class AlignmentGuard:
         self._interaction_counts: dict[str, int] = {}
         self._loop_depths: dict[str, int] = {}
 
-    def inject_constraints(self, input_data: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def inject_constraints(self, input_data: dict[str, object]) -> dict[str, object]:
         """委托给 ConstraintInjector"""
         return self._injector.inject(input_data)
 
     async def check_output(
         self,
-        output: dict[str, Any],
+        output: dict[str, object],
         constraints: list[str] | None = None,
     ) -> AlignmentCheckResult:
         """检查输出是否符合约束
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ class AlignmentGuard:
             return result
 
     def _rule_check(
-        self, output: dict[str, Any], constraints: list[str]
+        self, output: dict[str, object], constraints: list[str]
     ) -> list[str]:
         """基于规则的约束检查：方向性判断，区分'禁止X'和'提及X'
 
@@ -206,7 +205,7 @@ class AlignmentGuard:
             start = idx + len(keyword)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _extract_text(output: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    def _extract_text(output: dict[str, object]) -> str:
         """从 output dict 中提取所有文本内容"""
         parts: list[str] = []
         for value in output.values():
@@ -217,7 +216,7 @@ class AlignmentGuard:
         return " ".join(parts)
 
     async def _llm_check(
-        self, output: dict[str, Any], constraints: list[str]
+        self, output: dict[str, object], constraints: list[str]
     ) -> AlignmentCheckResult:
         """LLM 语义检查"""
         content = self._extract_text(output)
diff --git a/src/agentkit/quality/cascade_state_store.py b/src/agentkit/quality/cascade_state_store.py
index b45fc43..04199ea 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/quality/cascade_state_store.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/quality/cascade_state_store.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Key schema (Redis):
 
 import logging
 import time
-from typing import Any, Protocol, runtime_checkable
+from typing import Protocol, runtime_checkable
 
 # redis 可选依赖；未安装时回退为 Exception 以保留原 catch-all 语义（降级到 fallback）
 try:
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ class RedisCascadeStateStore:
     def __init__(self, redis_url: str = "redis://localhost:6379", session_ttl: int = 86400):
         self._redis_url = redis_url
         self._session_ttl = session_ttl
-        self._sync_redis: Any = None
+        self._sync_redis: object = None
         self._fallback: InMemoryCascadeStateStore | None = None
         self._degraded = False
 
diff --git a/src/agentkit/quality/gate.py b/src/agentkit/quality/gate.py
index 93684ee..f7f52b9 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/quality/gate.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/quality/gate.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 import importlib
 import logging
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from typing import Callable
 
 from agentkit.skills.base import Skill
 
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ class QualityGate:
 
     async def validate(
         self,
-        output: dict[str, Any],
+        output: dict[str, object],
         skill: Skill,
-        skill_context: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        skill_context: dict[str, object] | None = None,
     ) -> QualityResult:
         """对产出执行多维度质量检查
 
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ class QualityGate:
 
     @staticmethod
     def _check_skill_match(
-        output: dict[str, Any],
-        skill_context: dict[str, Any] | None,
+        output: dict[str, object],
+        skill_context: dict[str, object] | None,
     ) -> QualityCheck | None:
         """第五维度：技能匹配验证
 
diff --git a/src/agentkit/quality/output.py b/src/agentkit/quality/output.py
index ba55562..6c17007 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/quality/output.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/quality/output.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ Schema 验证、字段类型归一化、元数据附加。
 import logging
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
-from typing import Any
 
 from agentkit.quality.gate import QualityResult
 from agentkit.skills.base import Skill
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ class StandardOutput:
     """标准化输出"""
 
     skill_name: str
-    data: dict[str, Any]
+    data: dict[str, object]
     metadata: OutputMetadata
 
 
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ class OutputStandardizer:
 
     async def standardize(
         self,
-        raw_output: dict[str, Any],
+        raw_output: dict[str, object],
         skill: Skill,
         quality_result: QualityResult | None = None,
     ) -> StandardOutput:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/document_processor.py b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/document_processor.py
index be55200..273a118 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/document_processor.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/document_processor.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ PGVectorStore（向量化存储）。
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from agentkit.memory.document_loader import DocumentLoader
 from agentkit.rag_platform.models import DocumentStatus
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ class DocumentProcessor:
         file_type: str,
         chunk_size: int | None = None,
         chunk_overlap: int | None = None,
-    ) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    ) -> list[dict[str, object]]:
         """解析 + 分段，返回 chunk 用于只读预览（不向量化）。
 
         Args:
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class DocumentProcessor:
 
     async def vectorize(
         self,
-        chunks: list[str] | list[dict[str, Any]],
+        chunks: list[str] | list[dict[str, object]],
         kb_id: str,
         document_id: str,
         vector_store: "PGVectorStore",
diff --git a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/hit_processing.py b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/hit_processing.py
index 1505a01..57fe24c 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/hit_processing.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/hit_processing.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import hashlib
 import logging
-from typing import Any
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
 
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ class HitProcessor:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        llm_gateway: Any = None,
+        llm_gateway: object | None = None,
         cache_enabled: bool = True,
         model: str = _DEFAULT_LLM_MODEL,
     ) -> None:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/pipeline.py b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/pipeline.py
index 78863d2..39ec9fd 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/pipeline.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/pipeline.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ U3 将扩展为完整 IngestionPipeline（含解析、预览、净化）。
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from agentkit.rag_platform.indexing import KB_CHUNKS_TABLE
 from agentkit.rag_platform.models import QueryResult
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class RAGPipeline:
             KB_CHUNKS_TABLE,
         )
 
-    async def ingest(self, text: str, metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> list["TextNode"]:
+    async def ingest(self, text: str, metadata: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> list["TextNode"]:
         """将文本摄入向量存储。
 
         Args:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/preview.py b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/preview.py
index 2dea820..76dab3b 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/preview.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/preview.py
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Any
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 
 from agentkit.rag_platform.document_processor import (
@@ -23,7 +21,7 @@ class PreviewChunk(BaseModel):
 
     index: int
     content: str
-    metadata: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    metadata: dict[str, object] = Field(default_factory=dict)
 
 
 class PreviewResult(BaseModel):
diff --git a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/question_gen.py b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/question_gen.py
index 001bf4c..eb040fb 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/question_gen.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/question_gen.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import hashlib
 import logging
 import re
-from typing import Any
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
 
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ class QuestionGenerator:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        llm_gateway: Any = None,
+        llm_gateway: object | None = None,
         max_questions_per_chunk: int = 3,
         model: str = "default",
         cache: bool = True,
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ class QuestionGenerator:
 
     async def generate(
         self,
-        chunks: list[dict[str, Any]],
+        chunks: list[dict[str, object]],
         document_context: str = "",
     ) -> list[GeneratedQuestion]:
         """为每个 chunk 生成相关问题。
diff --git a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/rerank.py b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/rerank.py
index 3186c03..7957120 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/rerank.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/rerank.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
 
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ class Reranker:
 
     def __init__(self, config: RerankConfig) -> None:
         self._config = config
-        self._reranker: Any = None  # 延迟初始化，避免 import 失败
+        self._reranker: object | None = None  # 延迟初始化，避免 import 失败
 
-    def _get_reranker(self) -> Any:
+    def _get_reranker(self) -> object | None:
         """延迟加载 reranker 实例 — 避免在 import 时失败。"""
         if self._reranker is not None:
             return self._reranker
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class Reranker:
 
         return self._reranker
 
-    def _build_cohere_reranker(self, cfg: RerankConfig) -> Any:
+    def _build_cohere_reranker(self, cfg: RerankConfig) -> object:
         """构建 CohereRerank — 数据出境，需 api_key。"""
         if not cfg.api_key:
             raise ValueError("Cohere rerank requires api_key")
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class Reranker:
                 "Install: pip install llama-index-postprocessor-cohere-rerank"
             ) from e
 
-        kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {
+        kwargs: dict[str, object] = {
             "api_key": cfg.api_key,
             "top_n": cfg.top_n,
         }
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class Reranker:
             kwargs["model"] = cfg.model_name
         return CohereRerank(**kwargs)
 
-    def _build_bge_reranker(self, cfg: RerankConfig) -> Any:
+    def _build_bge_reranker(self, cfg: RerankConfig) -> object:
         """构建 BGE-Reranker via Xinference（本地部署，无数据出境）。
 
         使用 SentenceTransformerRerank 作为本地 BGE-Reranker 的封装。
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class Reranker:
             ) from e
 
         model = cfg.model_name or "BAAI/bge-reranker-base"
-        kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {
+        kwargs: dict[str, object] = {
             "model": model,
             "top_n": cfg.top_n,
         }
diff --git a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/retrieval.py b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/retrieval.py
index 41c06f9..426b864 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/retrieval.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/retrieval.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import asyncio
 import logging
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from sqlalchemy import text
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ class RetrievalEngine:
         out: list[QueryResult] = []
         for row in rows:
             chunk_id, content, metadata, document_id, score = row
-            meta: dict[str, Any] = metadata if isinstance(metadata, dict) else {}
+            meta: dict[str, object] = metadata if isinstance(metadata, dict) else {}
             kb_id = meta.get("kb_id", "")
             out.append(
                 QueryResult(
diff --git a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/sanitize.py b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/sanitize.py
index 99a47e9..2e246bc 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/sanitize.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/sanitize.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import re
 import struct
 import zipfile
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
+from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element
 
 # 文件类型白名单：扩展名 → MIME 类型
 ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES: dict[str, str] = {
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ def sanitize_content(content: str, file_type: str) -> str:
     return content
 
 
-def parse_xml_safe(content: bytes) -> Any:
+def parse_xml_safe(content: bytes) -> Element:
     """安全解析 XML — 禁止 DTD/实体以防止 XXE 攻击。
 
     Args:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/tasks.py b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/tasks.py
index 1db0aca..a1e3277 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/rag_platform/tasks.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/rag_platform/tasks.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import logging
 import re
 import uuid
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Protocol
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Protocol
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ TASKIQ_REDIS_DB = 1
 TASKIQ_KEY_PREFIX = "taskiq:"
 
 
-async def _maybe_await(result: Any) -> Any:
+async def _maybe_await(result: object) -> object:
     """统一处理 sync/async 调用结果 — InMemoryTaskStore 方法为 sync，RedisTaskStore 为 async。"""
     if inspect.isawaitable(result):
         return await result
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class VectorizeTaskParams(BaseModel):
 
     @field_validator("chunk_overlap")
     @classmethod
-    def _overlap_less_than_size(cls, v: int, info: Any) -> int:
+    def _overlap_less_than_size(cls, v: int, info: object) -> int:
         """chunk_overlap 必须小于 chunk_size。"""
         size = info.data.get("chunk_size", DEFAULT_CHUNK_SIZE)
         if v >= size:
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ class TaskStoreProtocol(Protocol):
     def get(self, task_id: str) -> TaskRecord | None: ...
 
     async def update_status(
-        self, task_id: str, status: TaskStatus, **kwargs: Any
+        self, task_id: str, status: TaskStatus, **kwargs: object
     ) -> TaskRecord: ...
 
     def list_tasks(
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ class TaskManager:
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        broker: Any = None,
+        broker: object | None = None,
         task_store: TaskStoreProtocol | None = None,
         max_concurrent_per_user: int = DEFAULT_MAX_CONCURRENT_PER_USER,
         task_ttl_seconds: int = DEFAULT_TASK_TTL_SECONDS,
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ class TaskManager:
         return self._store
 
     @property
-    def broker(self) -> Any:
+    def broker(self) -> object:
         """暴露底层 broker（供 startup/shutdown 集成）。"""
         return self._broker
 
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ class TaskManager:
     async def submit_vectorize(
         self,
         params: VectorizeTaskParams,
-        dependencies: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        dependencies: dict[str, object] | None = None,
     ) -> str:
         """提交向量化任务，返回 task_id。
 
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ class TaskManager:
     async def submit_batch_index(
         self,
         params: BatchIndexTaskParams,
-        dependencies: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        dependencies: dict[str, object] | None = None,
     ) -> str:
         """提交批量索引任务，返回 task_id。"""
         await self._check_concurrency(params.user_id)
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ class TaskManager:
         self,
         task_id: str,
         params: VectorizeTaskParams,
-        deps: dict[str, Any],
+        deps: dict[str, object],
     ) -> None:
         """降级模式 — 同步执行向量化任务（在 asyncio 任务中）。"""
         now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ class TaskManager:
         self,
         task_id: str,
         params: BatchIndexTaskParams,
-        deps: dict[str, Any],
+        deps: dict[str, object],
     ) -> None:
         """降级模式 — 同步执行批量索引任务。"""
         now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ async def run_batch_index_task(
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def create_broker(redis_url: str) -> Any:
+def create_broker(redis_url: str) -> object:
     """创建 TaskIQ Redis broker — 独立 db=1 隔离。
 
     Args:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/server/auth/dependencies.py b/src/agentkit/server/auth/dependencies.py
index 13ca67a..fe4ca93 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/server/auth/dependencies.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/server/auth/dependencies.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ These dependencies read the ``current_user`` payload that
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from typing import Callable
 
 import aiosqlite
 from fastapi import HTTPException, Request
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ from agentkit.server.auth.permissions import Permission, has_permission, is_dev_
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-async def get_current_user(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+async def get_current_user(request: Request) -> dict[str, object] | None:
     """Return the current user payload, or ``None`` in dev mode.
 
     The payload is set by :class:`AuthMiddleware` and contains
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ async def get_current_user(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
     return getattr(request.state, "current_user", None)
 
 
-async def require_authenticated(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+async def require_authenticated(request: Request) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Require an authenticated user. Raises 401 if not authenticated.
 
     Use this as a FastAPI dependency for endpoints that need *any*
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ async def require_authenticated(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
     return user
 
 
-def require_permission(*permissions: Permission) -> Callable[..., Any]:
+def require_permission(*permissions: Permission) -> Callable[..., object]:
     """Build a FastAPI dependency that requires the given permissions.
 
     The user must have *all* of the given permissions (AND semantics).
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ def require_permission(*permissions: Permission) -> Callable[..., Any]:
         A FastAPI dependency function.
     """
 
-    async def _dependency(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def _dependency(request: Request) -> dict[str, object]:
         user = await get_current_user(request)
 
         # Dev mode: no authenticated user
@@ -132,13 +132,13 @@ def require_permission(*permissions: Permission) -> Callable[..., Any]:
     return _dependency
 
 
-def require_any_permission(*permissions: Permission) -> Callable[..., Any]:
+def require_any_permission(*permissions: Permission) -> Callable[..., object]:
     """Build a FastAPI dependency that requires at least one of the permissions.
 
     Similar to :func:`require_permission` but uses OR semantics.
     """
 
-    async def _dependency(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    async def _dependency(request: Request) -> dict[str, object]:
         user = await get_current_user(request)
 
         if is_dev_mode(user):
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ async def _resolve_db_path(request: Request):
     return DEFAULT_AUTH_DB_PATH
 
 
-async def require_terminal_authorized(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+async def require_terminal_authorized(request: Request) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Require a user authorized to use the local terminal.
 
     This checks both:
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ async def require_terminal_authorized(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
     return user
 
 
-async def require_server_terminal_authorized(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+async def require_server_terminal_authorized(request: Request) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Require a user authorized to use the server terminal.
 
     Checks:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/server/auth/jwt_utils.py b/src/agentkit/server/auth/jwt_utils.py
index 77244da..2c391fa 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/server/auth/jwt_utils.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/server/auth/jwt_utils.py
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ import secrets
 import uuid
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
-from typing import Any
 
 import jwt
 
@@ -165,7 +164,7 @@ def create_token_pair(
     # the JWT.
     jti = str(uuid.uuid4()) if effective_session_id else None
 
-    access_payload: dict[str, Any] = {
+    access_payload: dict[str, object] = {
         "sub": user_id,
         "username": username,
         "role": role,
@@ -173,7 +172,7 @@ def create_token_pair(
         "iat": int(issued_at.timestamp()),
         "exp": int(access_exp.timestamp()),
     }
-    refresh_payload: dict[str, Any] = {
+    refresh_payload: dict[str, object] = {
         "sub": user_id,
         "username": username,
         "role": role,
@@ -238,7 +237,7 @@ def create_access_token(
     access_exp = issued_at + ACCESS_TOKEN_TTL
     jti = str(uuid.uuid4()) if session_id else None
 
-    access_payload: dict[str, Any] = {
+    access_payload: dict[str, object] = {
         "sub": user_id,
         "username": username,
         "role": role,
@@ -261,7 +260,7 @@ def verify_token(
     secret: str,
     *,
     expected_type: str | None = None,
-) -> dict[str, Any]:
+) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Verify a JWT and return its payload.
 
     Args:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/server/auth/middleware.py b/src/agentkit/server/auth/middleware.py
index de6397f..2424652 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/server/auth/middleware.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/server/auth/middleware.py
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import hmac
 import logging
-from typing import Any
 
 import jwt
 from starlette.middleware.base import BaseHTTPMiddleware
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ class AuthMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
         """Dev mode = no JWT secret, no global API key, no client keys."""
         return not self._jwt_secret and self._api_key is None and not self._client_keys
 
-    def _verify_jwt(self, token: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    def _verify_jwt(self, token: str) -> dict[str, object] | None:
         """Verify a JWT bearer token. Returns payload or None.
 
         V2 tokens carry a ``sid`` claim.  The middleware does NOT
diff --git a/src/agentkit/server/auth/models.py b/src/agentkit/server/auth/models.py
index b958044..f53920a 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/server/auth/models.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/server/auth/models.py
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ import os
 from collections.abc import Mapping
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
 import aiosqlite
 from sqlalchemy import String
@@ -774,7 +773,7 @@ async def init_auth_db(db_path: str | Path | None = None) -> Path:
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-def user_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+def user_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Convert a ``users`` row into a JSON-safe dict."""
     return {
         "id": row["id"],
@@ -791,7 +790,7 @@ def user_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, Any
     }
 
 
-def auth_session_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+def auth_session_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Convert an ``auth_sessions`` row into a JSON-safe dict.
 
     The ``revoked`` field is normalized to a Python ``bool`` (the DB stores
@@ -816,7 +815,7 @@ def auth_session_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[
     }
 
 
-def department_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+def department_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Convert a ``departments`` row into a JSON-safe dict.
 
     The ``is_active`` field is normalized to a Python ``bool`` (the DB
@@ -831,7 +830,7 @@ def department_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[st
     }
 
 
-def user_department_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+def user_department_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Convert a ``user_departments`` row into a JSON-safe dict."""
     return {
         "user_id": row["user_id"],
@@ -840,7 +839,7 @@ def user_department_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> di
     }
 
 
-def skill_state_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+def skill_state_row_to_dict(row: aiosqlite.Row | Mapping[str, object]) -> dict[str, object]:
     """Convert a ``skill_states`` row into a JSON-safe dict.
 
     The ``is_disabled`` field is normalized to a Python ``bool`` (the DB
diff --git a/src/agentkit/server/auth/permissions.py b/src/agentkit/server/auth/permissions.py
index 8303aa8..2b5917e 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/server/auth/permissions.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/server/auth/permissions.py
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ terminal access on a per-user basis without changing the user's role.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any
 
 
 class Permission(str, Enum):
@@ -108,7 +107,7 @@ def get_role_permissions(role: str | None) -> frozenset[Permission]:
     return ROLE_PERMISSIONS.get(role, frozenset())
 
 
-def has_permission(user: dict[str, Any] | None, permission: Permission) -> bool:
+def has_permission(user: dict[str, object] | None, permission: Permission) -> bool:
     """Check if a user payload has a specific permission.
 
     Args:
@@ -132,7 +131,7 @@ def has_permission(user: dict[str, Any] | None, permission: Permission) -> bool:
     return permission in get_role_permissions(role)
 
 
-def is_dev_mode(user: dict[str, Any] | None) -> bool:
+def is_dev_mode(user: dict[str, object] | None) -> bool:
     """Return True if the request is in dev mode (no authenticated user).
 
     Dev mode is when ``AuthMiddleware`` passes through requests without
diff --git a/src/agentkit/server/auth/providers/local.py b/src/agentkit/server/auth/providers/local.py
index 706b61c..6bf0de8 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/server/auth/providers/local.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/server/auth/providers/local.py
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import logging
 import os
 import uuid
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
 import aiosqlite
 
@@ -149,7 +148,7 @@ class LocalAuthProvider:
         is_terminal_authorized: bool = False,
         is_server_terminal_authorized: bool = False,
         created_by: str | None = None,
-    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    ) -> dict[str, object]:
         """Create a new user in the local ``users`` table.
 
         Args:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/server/auth/session_service.py b/src/agentkit/server/auth/session_service.py
index 83046bb..87f58c0 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/server/auth/session_service.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/server/auth/session_service.py
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ import uuid
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any
 
 import aiosqlite
 
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@ class SessionService:
         admin "list all sessions" view passes ``include_revoked=True``.
         """
         sql = "SELECT * FROM auth_sessions WHERE user_id = ?"
-        args: tuple[Any, ...] = (user_id,)
+        args: tuple[object, ...] = (user_id,)
         if not include_revoked:
             sql += " AND revoked = 0"
         sql += " ORDER BY created_at DESC"
@@ -437,7 +436,7 @@ class SessionService:
             "SET revoked = 1, revoked_reason = ? "
             "WHERE user_id = ? AND revoked = 0"
         )
-        args: list[Any] = [reason, user_id]
+        args: list[object] = [reason, user_id]
         if except_sid is not None:
             sql += " AND id != ?"
             args.append(except_sid)
diff --git a/src/agentkit/session/manager.py b/src/agentkit/session/manager.py
index ac4ab4f..297ed63 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/session/manager.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/session/manager.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import asyncio
 import datetime
 import logging
 from collections import defaultdict, deque
-from typing import Any
 
 from agentkit.session.models import Message, MessageRole, Session, SessionStatus
 from agentkit.session.store import InMemorySessionStore, SessionStore
@@ -155,7 +154,7 @@ class SessionManager:
     async def create_session(
         self,
         agent_name: str,
-        metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        metadata: dict[str, object] | None = None,
     ) -> Session:
         """Create a new conversation session bound to an Agent.
 
@@ -216,7 +215,7 @@ class SessionManager:
         content: str,
         tool_call_id: str | None = None,
         agent_name: str | None = None,
-        metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        metadata: dict[str, object] | None = None,
     ) -> Message:
         """Append a message to a session.
 
diff --git a/src/agentkit/session/models.py b/src/agentkit/session/models.py
index 74a32b1..5521e12 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/session/models.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/session/models.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import uuid
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any
 
 
 class SessionStatus(str, Enum):
@@ -40,9 +39,9 @@ class Message:
     tool_call_id: str | None = None
     agent_name: str | None = None
     created_at: datetime = field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
-    metadata: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    metadata: dict[str, object] = field(default_factory=dict)
 
-    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, object]:
         return {
             "message_id": self.message_id,
             "session_id": self.session_id,
@@ -55,7 +54,7 @@ class Message:
         }
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> Message:
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, object]) -> Message:
         return cls(
             message_id=data["message_id"],
             session_id=data["session_id"],
@@ -89,11 +88,11 @@ class Session:
     session_id: str
     agent_name: str
     status: SessionStatus = SessionStatus.ACTIVE
-    metadata: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    metadata: dict[str, object] = field(default_factory=dict)
     created_at: datetime = field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
     updated_at: datetime = field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc))
 
-    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, object]:
         return {
             "session_id": self.session_id,
             "agent_name": self.agent_name,
@@ -104,7 +103,7 @@ class Session:
         }
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> Session:
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, object]) -> Session:
         return cls(
             session_id=data["session_id"],
             agent_name=data["agent_name"],
diff --git a/src/agentkit/session/store.py b/src/agentkit/session/store.py
index 8f6c306..23b5f2e 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/session/store.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/session/store.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import json
 import logging
 import os
-from typing import Any, Protocol, runtime_checkable
+from typing import Protocol, runtime_checkable
 
 # redis 可选依赖；未安装时回退为 Exception 以保留原 catch-all 语义
 try:
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class RedisSessionStore:
     def __init__(self, redis_url: str = "redis://localhost:6379/0", ttl_seconds: int = 86400):
         self._redis_url = redis_url
         self._ttl_seconds = ttl_seconds
-        self._redis: Any = None
+        self._redis: object = None
 
     async def _get_redis(self):
         if self._redis is None:
diff --git a/src/agentkit/telemetry/tracer.py b/src/agentkit/telemetry/tracer.py
index 666ccd0..ad808ef 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/telemetry/tracer.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/telemetry/tracer.py
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-from dataclasses import dataclass, field
-from typing import Any, ContextManager
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import ContextManager
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ class NoOpSpan:
     def __exit__(self, *args):
         pass
 
-    def set_attribute(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
+    def set_attribute(self, key: str, value: object) -> None:
         pass
 
-    def add_event(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> None:
+    def add_event(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> None:
         pass
 
     def record_exception(self, exception: Exception) -> None:
@@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ class NoOpSpan:
 class NoOpTracer:
     """No-op tracer when telemetry is disabled."""
 
-    def start_span(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> ContextManager[NoOpSpan]:
+    def start_span(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> ContextManager[NoOpSpan]:
         return NoOpSpan()
 
-    def start_as_current_span(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> ContextManager[NoOpSpan]:
+    def start_as_current_span(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> ContextManager[NoOpSpan]:
         return NoOpSpan()
 
 
 class OTelSpan:
     """Wrapper around OpenTelemetry Span."""
 
-    def __init__(self, span: Any):
+    def __init__(self, span: object):
         self._span = span
 
     def __enter__(self):
@@ -63,10 +63,10 @@ class OTelSpan:
     def __exit__(self, *args):
         self._span.__exit__(*args)
 
-    def set_attribute(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
+    def set_attribute(self, key: str, value: object) -> None:
         self._span.set_attribute(key, value)
 
-    def add_event(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> None:
+    def add_event(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> None:
         self._span.add_event(name, attributes or {})
 
     def record_exception(self, exception: Exception) -> None:
@@ -79,14 +79,14 @@ class OTelSpan:
 class OTelTracer:
     """Wrapper around OpenTelemetry Tracer."""
 
-    def __init__(self, tracer: Any):
+    def __init__(self, tracer: object):
         self._tracer = tracer
 
-    def start_span(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> OTelSpan:
+    def start_span(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> OTelSpan:
         span = self._tracer.start_span(name, attributes=attributes)
         return OTelSpan(span)
 
-    def start_as_current_span(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> OTelSpan:
+    def start_as_current_span(self, name: str, attributes: dict[str, object] | None = None) -> OTelSpan:
         span = self._tracer.start_as_current_span(name, attributes=attributes)
         return OTelSpan(span)
 
diff --git a/src/agentkit/telemetry/tracing.py b/src/agentkit/telemetry/tracing.py
index 531eb66..4f3c65c 100644
--- a/src/agentkit/telemetry/tracing.py
+++ b/src/agentkit/telemetry/tracing.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import logging
 import time
 from functools import wraps
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from typing import Callable
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ def get_tracer(name: str = "fischer.agentkit"):
 
 def start_span(
     name: str,
-    kind: Any = None,
+    kind: object = None,
     attributes: dict | None = None,
 ):
     """Start a span — returns no-op span if OTel not installed.